What does express authority refer to in the context of an agent's powers?

Express authority in the context of an agent's powers refers specifically to the authority that is explicitly defined in a written contract. This type of authority is clearly outlined, leaving no room for ambiguity regarding the powers granted to the agent. It reflects the principal's clear intentions, specifying what the agent is authorized to do on their behalf.

When authority is defined in a written contract, it assures both the principal and third parties that the agent has the legal power to act in specific situations as laid out in that document. This contrasts significantly with other forms of authority. For instance, verbal authority may not provide the same level of assurance or legal backing as a written agreement and can be more difficult to enforce; implied actions rely on the circumstances and relationship between the principal and agent, which can lead to misunderstandings; and authority based on public assumption does not have the structured backing of a documented agreement. Express authority establishes a clear, legally binding framework for the agent's actions, facilitating trust and clarity in business dealings.