Which type of liability refers to responsibility based on another party's actions?

Vicarious liability refers to a situation where one party is held responsible for the actions or omissions of another party, typically in the context of employer-employee relationships. In this scenario, if the employee acts within the scope of their employment and causes harm, the employer may be liable for the resulting damages, even if the employer did not directly engage in any wrongdoing.

This legal principle is grounded in the idea that an organization or employer should be responsible for the actions of its employees while they are performing their job duties. The rationale is that the employer benefits from the employee's work and therefore should bear the risk associated with their actions.

In contrast, other terms like strict liability pertain to liability that does not depend on actual negligence or intent to harm, contributory negligence relates to the degree to which a party's own negligence contributes to their injury, and joint liability involves situations where two or more parties may be held liable for wrongful actions together. These concepts differ significantly in nature from vicarious liability, which specifically emphasizes one party's accountability for another's conduct.